In the early days of electric vehicles (EVs), motors were often mounted in the wheels. Pioneers like Ferdinand Porsche explored this design in the late 19th century, showcasing some innovative solutions. However, issues like heavy weight and potential mechanical problems have kept wheel-hub motors mostly on the sidelines—until now. A recent surge in technology, particularly from companies like Orbis Wheels, offers promising developments for wheel-mounted motors.
The Problems with Traditional Hub Motors
- Unsprung Weight: Heavy motors in the wheels can negatively affect ride quality and handling.
- Durability Issues: Motors in the wheel hub are more susceptible to shock and debris damage.
- Costly and Complicated: Previous designs added both weight and complexity, making them less appealing.
Innovations from Orbis Wheels
1. Modular Tunable Axial Flux Motor
Orbis has developed a "pancake" style motor that is highly customizable. Key features include:
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Dual Rotor Options: Choose between a single rotor with rare-earth magnets for high efficiency or dual rotors using domestic ferrite magnets for budget-friendly applications.
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Adjustable Output: Depending on the configuration, output can vary from 184 to 738 lb-ft, offering flexibility across various applications.
2. Planetary Torque Multiplication
By utilizing a compact planetary gear system, Orbis has achieved:
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Torque Enhancement: A multiplication range of 2.50:1 to 5.25:1 directly at the wheel hub.
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Competitive Advantage: Orbis' design meets OEM noise requirements and is a pioneering approach in the wheel-motor sector.
Performance and Weight Considerations
Extensive testing shows that Orbis motors can deliver impressive torque-to-weight ratios. Although they add some unsprung mass, future versions aim to significantly reduce this impact:
- Lightweight Design: Expected to add only about 5 pounds per motor.
- Improved Vehicle Dynamics: This allows for potential weight reduction in the overall vehicle design when switching battery types.
Real-world Applications
Orbis has targeted various sectors with its technology, including:
- Light Commercial Vehicles: A retrofit kit for delivery vans promises substantial fuel savings.
- Refrigerated Transport: Using wheel motors to power refrigeration units can lower overall battery requirements and costs.
Conclusion
The innovative approaches by Orbis Wheels present a compelling future for hub motors in electric vehicles. By overcoming traditional limitations with modern technology, they are paving the way for more efficient and powerful electric drivetrains. If these advancements continue, we might witness a significant transformation in how we envision electric mobility.
Summary
Orbis Wheels is revolutionizing electric vehicle design with innovative hub motors that address traditional issues such as unsprung weight and torque limitations. Their modular and tunable designs allow for customizable outputs, making them strong contenders for future EV applications, including delivery vans and refrigerated transport. Ultimately, this promises enhanced performance and significant cost savings.
