It's easy to assume that hydrogen fuel cells are the future of electric racing, especially given the limitations of battery-powered cars. Batteries are hefty, need extensive recharging time, and depend on significant electric infrastructure.
Fuel cells sound promising, with lighter cars and faster refueling, but they're not perfect for racing:
- Heat Management: High-power fuel cells operate at about 80°C, yet racetrack air temperatures can exceed 40°C. This inefficient heat dispersion is a significant concern.
Motorsport is considering hydrogen combustion engines as a viable alternative:
- Zero Carbon Emissions: Like fuel cells, they only emit steam.
- Higher Operating Temperatures: These engines generate power through explosions, running hotter and helping disperse waste heat. Examples include Toyota's GR Yaris and GR Corolla, as well as Alpine's V6 ICE for the Alpenglow concept.
Hydrogen combustion engines offer several benefits:
- Ease of Adaptation: Converting existing petrol engines to hydrogen involves straightforward modifications.
- Weight and Packaging: Hydrogen tanks are lighter than batteries, preserving traditional car dynamics.
- Sound Appeal: Unlike silent electric racers, hydrogen engines have the familiar, thrilling sounds that fans love.
Despite their challenges on the track, fuel cells have potential for road vehicles like trucks and vans due to their efficiency at partial power. If hydrogen fuel becomes common for road use, it might be more accessible around racetracks.
While hydrogen fuel cells have potential benefits for road vehicles, hydrogen combustion engines stand out as a more practical choice for racing. They combine environmental benefits with practical advantages and offer an enhanced experience for spectators.
Summary: Hydrogen combustion engines are more practical for racing than fuel cells. They provide zero emissions, are easy to adapt, and deliver an exciting sound that resonates with motorsport fans.
